The transformation is a calculation to convert the geographic coordinate system of the layers to match the geographic coordinate system of the map as the map draws so that everything is aligned. This is necessary because the earth is actually a lumpy and slightly squashed sphere. There is more than one geographic coordinate system because each is meant to best fit certain portions of the earth. They use angular units, such as degrees, to assign locations to coordinates on a reference spheroid. Geographic coordinate systems describe how locations on the earth are placed on a hypothetical reference spheroid. Project data to a new coordinate systemĪ geographic datum transformation is a calculation used to convert between two geographic coordinate systems to ensure that data is properly aligned.
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